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A Brief Introduction
*Please note that what follows are general descriptions that do not account for the wide variety of views within each regional tradition.
SEE ALSO: AFRICAN PHILOSOPHIES
As such, there are philosophies that do not entirely conform to the abstractions listed below. Rather, these provide an introductory framework through which we may generally understand and compare schools of thought.
Eastern & Western Philosophies
WESTERN PHILOSOPHY
Traditionally refers to Euro-centric intellectuals and schools of thought. Further divided into analytic & continental; those these demarcations are arguably fluid / reductive.
Origins attributed to Ancient Greece
HISTORICAL WESTERN BIAS:
What's Missing in College Philosophy Classes? Chinese Philosophers
The Absence of Chinese Philosophy in the U.S.
EASTERN PHILOSOPHY
Traditionally refers to Indian, Asian, African, and any other non-Western intellectuals and schools of thought.
Origins attributed to Ancient Persia & China
MAJOR TRADITIONS INCLUDE:
[but are not limited to] Zoroastrianism, Hinduism, Buddhism, Confucianism, Daoism, Mohism, Jainism, Shinto, and Indigenous Traditions (even those in the West share these characteristics).
Brief Comparative Overviews
The Mythic Parable of Indra's Net is especially significant in understanding syncretistic Eastern traditions, like Neo-Confucianism. Traditions like these combine elements of different schools of thought, such as:
Confucian conceptions of human nature (Mengzi = humans are inherently good),
Daoist conceptions of unified monistic reality, and
Buddhist conceptions of the Self (as inherently empty, yet still causally interconnected with all living things).
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